02. Bioconversion of Oil Palm Trunk Derived Lignocellulose to Reducing Sugars

By increasing the oil palm area, the availability of lignocellulosic materials, i.e. oil palm trunks (OPT), will also increase accordingly. This material is assumed to possess multipurpose utilization, including that as a result of the high carbohydrate content which will be suitable as sugar-producing raw material. An investigation on bioconversion was conducted to convert OPT-originated lignocellulose to reduce sugar by selected white-rot fungi mediation. Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446 and Humicola grisea DSM2691 were used with fiber collected from the inner-part of OPT as substrate. Single and double isolate inoculations were performed into a medium consisting of 5 g OPT's fiber, 0.015 g (NH4)2SO4 0.08 g yeast extract, 0.08 g KH2P04, and 10 mL H20 for 30 days under room condition. Analyses performed were chemical characterization, and detennination of reducing sugar content, glucosamine content, and microscopic structure of OPT's fiber. The results showed that lignocellulosic and starch contents varied according to sample position on the OPT. The upper part was dominated by starch (65%), whereas the lower part contained more lignocellulose (68%). The OPT lignocellulose is composed of 25% lignin and 57% cellulose. Reducing sugars produced in P. chrysosporium and H. Grisea cultures were 50 and 58 mg/g, respectively, whereas double inoculation resulted in 80 mg/g reducing sugars.

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02. Bioconversion of Oil Palm Trunk Derived Lignocellulose to Reducing Sugars